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How to Write a Change Listener

Change events occur whenever a component changes state. For example, a button fires a change event every time the button is pressed. The look-and-feel implementation of the button listens for change events so that it can react appropriately to the state change (repainting itself, for example). Although nothing's stopping you from registering for change events on a button, most programs don't need to do so.

Two Swing components rely on change events for basic functionality -- sliders and color choosers. To learn when the value in a slider changes, you need to register a change listener. Similarly, you need to register a change listener on a color chooser to be informed when the user chooses a new color.

Here is an example of change event handling code for a slider:

//...where initialization occurs:
framesPerSecond.addChangeListener(new SliderListener());
...
class SliderListener implements ChangeListener {
    public void stateChanged(ChangeEvent e) {
        JSlider source = (JSlider)e.getSource();
        if (!source.getValueIsAdjusting()) {
            int fps = (int)source.getValue();
	    ...
        }    
    }
}

This snippet is from a program named SliderDemo. You can find the source and image files for the program, along with instructions for compiling and running it, in How to Use Sliders.

The Change Event API

The ChangeListener interface has just one method, so it has no corresponding adapter class. Here's the method:

void stateChanged(ChangeEvent)

Called when the listened-to component changes state.

The stateChanged method has a single parameter: a ChangeEvent object. To get the component that fired the event, use the getSource method which ChangeEvent inherits from EventObject. The ChangeEvent class defines no additional methods.

The following table lists the examples that use change listeners.

Example	Where Described	Notes
SliderDemo and SliderDemo2	How to Use Sliders	Registers a change listener on a slider that controls animation speed. The change listener ignores the change events until the user releases the slider.
ColorChooserDemo and ColorChooserDemo2	How to Use Color Choosers	Uses a change listener on the selection model of a color chooser to learn when the user changes the current color.
ConverterRangeModel and its subclass, FollowerRangeModel	The Anatomy of a Swing-Based Program	Implement custom models for the sliders used in the Converter demo. Both models explicitly fire change events when necessary.

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